al-Raʿd ( الرعد )

43 verses • revealed at Medinan

»The surah that translates into human experience the overpowering meaning of what Thunder says when it resounds through the sky and God sends bolts to the earth. It takes its name from thunder (al-raʿd), mentioned in

. The surah is distinguished by its moving description of God’s power and knowledge. Muḥammad’s place in a long tradition of prophets, none of whom could produce miracles on request, is stressed, and his role emphasized: it is only to deliver the message. God is the One who will call people to account for their deeds, and He is the witness for the truth of the message.«

بِسمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحمٰنِ الرَّحيمِ

Transliteration: bi-smi llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīmⁱ

Translation: In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.

1

المر ۚ تِلكَ آياتُ الكِتابِ ۗ وَالَّذي أُنزِلَ إِلَيكَ مِن رَبِّكَ الحَقُّ وَلٰكِنَّ أَكثَرَ النّاسِ لا يُؤمِنونَ

Transliteration

a-l-m-r (ʾalif lām mīm rā) tilka ʾāyātu l-kitābi wa-lladhī ʾunzila ʾilayka min rabbika l-ḥaqqu wa-lākinna ʾakthara n-nāsi lā yuʾminūn^a

Translation

Alif, Lām, Mīm, Rā. These are the signs of the Book. That which has been sent down to you from your Lord is the truth, but most people do not believe [in it].

2

اللَّهُ الَّذي رَفَعَ السَّماواتِ بِغَيرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَونَها ۖ ثُمَّ استَوىٰ عَلَى العَرشِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمسَ وَالقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ يَجري لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۚ يُدَبِّرُ الأَمرَ يُفَصِّلُ الآياتِ لَعَلَّكُم بِلِقاءِ رَبِّكُم توقِنونَ

Transliteration

^allāhu lladhī rafaʿa s-samāwāti bi-ghayri ʿamadin tarawnahā thumma stawā ʿalā l-ʿarshi wa-sakhkhara sh-shamsa wa-l-qamara kullun yajrī li-ʾajalin musamman yudabbiru l-ʾamra yufaṣṣilu l-ʾāyāti laʿallakum bi-liqāʾi rabbikum tūqinūn^a

Translation

It is Allah who raised the heavens without any pillars that you see, and then presided over the Throne. He disposed the sun and the moon, each moving for a specified term.¹ He directs the command, [and] elaborates² the signs that you may be certain of encountering your Lord.

• Or ‘until a specified time.’
• Or ‘unravels.’

3

وَهُوَ الَّذي مَدَّ الأَرضَ وَجَعَلَ فيها رَواسِيَ وَأَنهارًا ۖ وَمِن كُلِّ الثَّمَراتِ جَعَلَ فيها زَوجَينِ اثنَينِ ۖ يُغشِي اللَّيلَ النَّهارَ ۚ إِنَّ في ذٰلِكَ لَآياتٍ لِقَومٍ يَتَفَكَّرونَ

Transliteration

wa-huwa lladhī madda l-ʾarḍa wa-jaʿala fīhā rawāsiya wa-ʾanhāran wa-min kulli th-thamarāti jaʿala fīhā zawjayni thnayni yughshī l-layla n-nahāra ʾinna fī dhālika la-ʾāyātin li-qawmin yatafakkarūn^a

Translation

It is He who has spread out the earth and set in it firm mountains and streams, and of every fruit He has made in it two kinds.¹ He draws the night’s cover over the day. There are indeed signs in that for a people who reflect.

• Or ‘a pair,’ or ‘two mates.’

4

وَفِي الأَرضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجاوِراتٌ وَجَنّاتٌ مِن أَعنابٍ وَزَرعٌ وَنَخيلٌ صِنوانٌ وَغَيرُ صِنوانٍ يُسقىٰ بِماءٍ واحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعضَها عَلىٰ بَعضٍ فِي الأُكُلِ ۚ إِنَّ في ذٰلِكَ لَآياتٍ لِقَومٍ يَعقِلونَ

Transliteration

wa-fī l-ʾarḍi qiṭaʿun mutajāwirātun wa-jannātun min ʾaʿnābin wa-zarʿun wa-nakhīlun ṣinwānun wa-ghayru ṣinwānin yusqā bi-māʾin wāḥidin wa-nufaḍḍilu baʿḍahā ʿalā baʿḍin fī l-ʾukuli ʾinna fī dhālika la-ʾāyātin li-qawmin yaʿqilūn^a

Translation

In the earth are neighbouring terrains [of diverse kinds] and vineyards, farms, and date palms growing from the same root and from diverse roots, [all] irrigated by the same water, and We give some of them an advantage over others in flavour. There are indeed signs in that for a people who apply reason.

5

۞ وَإِن تَعجَب فَعَجَبٌ قَولُهُم أَإِذا كُنّا تُرابًا أَإِنّا لَفي خَلقٍ جَديدٍ ۗ أُولٰئِكَ الَّذينَ كَفَروا بِرَبِّهِم ۖ وَأُولٰئِكَ الأَغلالُ في أَعناقِهِم ۖ وَأُولٰئِكَ أَصحابُ النّارِ ۖ هُم فيها خالِدونَ

Transliteration

wa-ʾin taʿjab fa-ʿajabun qawluhum ʾa-ʾidhā kunnā turāban ʾa-ʾinnā la-fī khalqin jadīdin ʾulāʾika lladhīna kafarū bi-rabbihim wa-ʾulāʾika l-ʾaghlālu fī ʾaʿnāqihim wa-ʾulāʾika ʾaṣḥābu n-nāri hum fīhā khālidūn^a

Translation

If you are to wonder [at anything], then wonderful¹ is their remark, ‘When we have become dust, shall we be [ushered] into a new creation?’ They are the ones who defy their Lord; they shall have iron collars around their necks, they shall be the inhabitants of the Fire, and they shall remain in it [forever].

• That is, odd, astonishing.

6

وَيَستَعجِلونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبلَ الحَسَنَةِ وَقَد خَلَت مِن قَبلِهِمُ المَثُلاتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذو مَغفِرَةٍ لِلنّاسِ عَلىٰ ظُلمِهِم ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَديدُ العِقابِ

Transliteration

wa-yastaʿjilūnaka bi-s-sayyiʾati qabla l-ḥasanati wa-qad khalat min qablihimu l-mathulātu wa-ʾinna rabbaka la-dhū maghfiratin li-n-nāsi ʿalā ẓulmihim wa-ʾinna rabbaka la-shadīdu l-ʿiqābⁱ

Translation

They would press you for evil sooner than for good,¹ though there have already gone by before them exemplary punishments. Indeed your Lord is forgiving to mankind despite their wrongdoing, and indeed your Lord is severe in retribution.

• That is, they ask you to bring about the Divine punishment with which you have threatened them, instead of pleading for Divine mercy and forgiveness.

7

وَيَقولُ الَّذينَ كَفَروا لَولا أُنزِلَ عَلَيهِ آيَةٌ مِن رَبِّهِ ۗ إِنَّما أَنتَ مُنذِرٌ ۖ وَلِكُلِّ قَومٍ هادٍ

Transliteration

wa-yaqūlu lladhīna kafarū law-lā ʾunzila ʿalayhi ʾāyatun min rabbihī ʾinnamā ʾanta mundhirun wa-li-kulli qawmin hādi^n-i

Translation

The faithless say, ‘Why has not some sign been sent down to him from his Lord?’ You are only a warner, and there is a guide for every people.

8

اللَّهُ يَعلَمُ ما تَحمِلُ كُلُّ أُنثىٰ وَما تَغيضُ الأَرحامُ وَما تَزدادُ ۖ وَكُلُّ شَيءٍ عِندَهُ بِمِقدارٍ

Transliteration

^allāhu yaʿlamu mā taḥmilu kullu ʾunthā wa-mā taghīḍu l-ʾarḥāmu wa-mā tazdādu wa-kullu shayʾin ʿindahū bi-miqdārⁱⁿ

Translation

Allah knows what every female carries [in her womb], and what the wombs reduce and what they increase,¹ and everything is by [precise] measure with Him,

• That is, what the wombs reduce or increase of the embryo or the foetus or the time of gestation.

9

عالِمُ الغَيبِ وَالشَّهادَةِ الكَبيرُ المُتَعالِ

Transliteration

ʿālimu l-ghaybi wa-sh-shahādati l-kabīru l-mutaʿālⁱ

Translation

the Knower of the sensible and the Unseen, the All-great, the All-sublime.

10

سَواءٌ مِنكُم مَن أَسَرَّ القَولَ وَمَن جَهَرَ بِهِ وَمَن هُوَ مُستَخفٍ بِاللَّيلِ وَسارِبٌ بِالنَّهارِ

Transliteration

sawāʾun minkum man ʾasarra l-qawla wa-man jahara bihī wa-man huwa mustakhfin bi-l-layli wa-sāribun bi-n-nahārⁱ

Translation

It is the same [to Him] whether any of you speaks secretly, or does so loudly, or whether he lurks in the night, or is open to view in daytime.¹

• Or ‘marches in daytime.’

11

لَهُ مُعَقِّباتٌ مِن بَينِ يَدَيهِ وَمِن خَلفِهِ يَحفَظونَهُ مِن أَمرِ اللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُغَيِّرُ ما بِقَومٍ حَتّىٰ يُغَيِّروا ما بِأَنفُسِهِم ۗ وَإِذا أَرادَ اللَّهُ بِقَومٍ سوءًا فَلا مَرَدَّ لَهُ ۚ وَما لَهُم مِن دونِهِ مِن والٍ

Transliteration

lahū muʿaqqibātun min bayni yadayhi wa-min khalfihī yaḥfaẓūnahū min ʾamri llāhi ʾinna llāha lā yughayyiru mā bi-qawmin ḥattā yughayyirū mā bi-ʾanfusihim wa-ʾidhā ʾarāda llāhu bi-qawmin sūʾan fa-lā maradda lahū wa-mā lahum min dūnihī min wālⁱⁿ

Translation

He has guardian angels, to his front and his rear, who guard him by Allah’s command. Indeed Allah does not change a people’s lot, unless they change what is in their souls. And when Allah wishes to visit ill on a people, there is nothing that can avert it, and they have no protector besides Him.

12

هُوَ الَّذي يُريكُمُ البَرقَ خَوفًا وَطَمَعًا وَيُنشِئُ السَّحابَ الثِّقالَ

Transliteration

huwa lladhī yurīkumu l-barqa khawfan wa-ṭamaʿan wa-yunshiʾu s-saḥāba th-thiqāl^a

Translation

It is He who shows you the lightning, inspiring fear and hope, and He produces the clouds heavy [with rain].

13

وَيُسَبِّحُ الرَّعدُ بِحَمدِهِ وَالمَلائِكَةُ مِن خيفَتِهِ وَيُرسِلُ الصَّواعِقَ فَيُصيبُ بِها مَن يَشاءُ وَهُم يُجادِلونَ فِي اللَّهِ وَهُوَ شَديدُ المِحالِ

Transliteration

wa-yusabbiḥu r-raʿdu bi-ḥamdihī wa-l-malāʾikatu min khīfatihī wa-yursilu ṣ-ṣawāʿiqa fa-yuṣību bihā man yashāʾu wa-hum yujādilūna fī llāhi wa-huwa shadīdu l-miḥālⁱ

Translation

The Thunder celebrates His praise, and the angels [too], in awe of Him, and He releases the thunderbolts and strikes with them whomever He wishes. Yet they dispute concerning Allah, though He is great in might.¹

• Or ‘though He is severe in punishment.’

14

لَهُ دَعوَةُ الحَقِّ ۖ وَالَّذينَ يَدعونَ مِن دونِهِ لا يَستَجيبونَ لَهُم بِشَيءٍ إِلّا كَباسِطِ كَفَّيهِ إِلَى الماءِ لِيَبلُغَ فاهُ وَما هُوَ بِبالِغِهِ ۚ وَما دُعاءُ الكافِرينَ إِلّا في ضَلالٍ

Transliteration

lahū daʿwatu l-ḥaqqi wa-lladhīna yadʿūna min dūnihī lā yastajībūna lahum bi-shayʾin ʾillā ka-bāsiṭi kaffayhi ʾilā l-māʾi li-yablugha fāhu wa-mā huwa bi-bālighihī wa-mā duʿāʾu l-kāfirīna ʾillā fī ḍalālⁱⁿ

Translation

[Only] to Him belongs the true invocation;¹ and those whom they invoke besides Him do not answer them in any wise— like someone who stretches his hands towards water [desiring] that it should reach his mouth, but it does not reach it— and the invocations of the faithless only go awry.

• Or ‘His is the invitation to the truth,’ or ‘His is the true invitation.’

15

وَلِلَّهِ يَسجُدُ مَن فِي السَّماواتِ وَالأَرضِ طَوعًا وَكَرهًا وَظِلالُهُم بِالغُدُوِّ وَالآصالِ ۩

Transliteration

wa-li-llāhi yasjudu man fī s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi ṭawʿan wa-karhan wa-ẓilāluhum bi-l-ghuduwwi wa-l-ʾāṣālⁱ

Translation

To Allah prostrates whoever there is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and their shadows at sunrise and sunset.

16

قُل مَن رَبُّ السَّماواتِ وَالأَرضِ قُلِ اللَّهُ ۚ قُل أَفَاتَّخَذتُم مِن دونِهِ أَولِياءَ لا يَملِكونَ لِأَنفُسِهِم نَفعًا وَلا ضَرًّا ۚ قُل هَل يَستَوِي الأَعمىٰ وَالبَصيرُ أَم هَل تَستَوِي الظُّلُماتُ وَالنّورُ ۗ أَم جَعَلوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكاءَ خَلَقوا كَخَلقِهِ فَتَشابَهَ الخَلقُ عَلَيهِم ۚ قُلِ اللَّهُ خالِقُ كُلِّ شَيءٍ وَهُوَ الواحِدُ القَهّارُ

Transliteration

qul man rabbu s-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi quli llāhu qul ʾa-fa-ttakhadhtum min dūnihī ʾawliyāʾa lā yamlikūna li-ʾanfusihim nafʿan wa-lā ḍarran qul hal yastawī l-ʾaʿmā wa-l-baṣīru ʾam hal tastawī ẓ-ẓulumātu wa-n-nūru ʾam jaʿalū li-llāhi shurakāʾa khalaqū ka-khalqihī fa-tashābaha l-khalqu ʿalayhim quli llāhu khāliqu kulli shayʾin wa-huwa l-wāḥidu l-qahhār^u

Translation

Say, ‘Who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth?’ Say, ‘Allah!’ Say, ‘Have you then taken others besides Him for guardians, who have no control over their own benefit or harm?’ Say, ‘Are the blind one and the seer equal? Or are the darkness and the light equal?’ Have they set up for Allah partners who have created like His creation, so that the creations seemed confusable to them? Say, ‘Allah is the creator of all things, and He is the One, the All-paramount.’

17

أَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّماءِ ماءً فَسالَت أَودِيَةٌ بِقَدَرِها فَاحتَمَلَ السَّيلُ زَبَدًا رابِيًا ۚ وَمِمّا يوقِدونَ عَلَيهِ فِي النّارِ ابتِغاءَ حِليَةٍ أَو مَتاعٍ زَبَدٌ مِثلُهُ ۚ كَذٰلِكَ يَضرِبُ اللَّهُ الحَقَّ وَالباطِلَ ۚ فَأَمَّا الزَّبَدُ فَيَذهَبُ جُفاءً ۖ وَأَمّا ما يَنفَعُ النّاسَ فَيَمكُثُ فِي الأَرضِ ۚ كَذٰلِكَ يَضرِبُ اللَّهُ الأَمثالَ

Transliteration

ʾanzala mina s-samāʾi māʾan fa-sālat ʾawdiyatun bi-qadarihā fa-ḥtamala s-saylu zabadan rābiyan wa-mimmā yūqidūna ʿalayhi fī n-nāri btighāʾa ḥilyatin ʾaw matāʿin zabadun mithluhū ka-dhālika yaḍribu llāhu l-ḥaqqa wa-l-bāṭila fa-ʾammā z-zabadu fa-yadhhabu jufāʾan wa-ʾammā mā yanfaʿu n-nāsa fa-yamkuthu fī l-ʾarḍi ka-dhālika yaḍribu llāhu l-ʾamthāl^a

Translation

He sends down water from the sky whereat the valleys are flooded to [the extent of] their capacity, and the flood carries along a swelling scum. And from what they smelt in the fire for the purpose of [making] ornaments or wares, [there arises] a similar scum. That is how Allah compares the truth and falsehood. As for the scum, it leaves as dross, and that which profits the people remains in the earth. That is how Allah draws comparisons.

18

لِلَّذينَ استَجابوا لِرَبِّهِمُ الحُسنىٰ ۚ وَالَّذينَ لَم يَستَجيبوا لَهُ لَو أَنَّ لَهُم ما فِي الأَرضِ جَميعًا وَمِثلَهُ مَعَهُ لَافتَدَوا بِهِ ۚ أُولٰئِكَ لَهُم سوءُ الحِسابِ وَمَأواهُم جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَبِئسَ المِهادُ

Transliteration

li-lladhīna stajābū li-rabbihimu l-ḥusnā wa-lladhīna lam yastajībū lahū law ʾanna lahum mā fī l-ʾarḍi jamīʿan wa-mithlahū maʿahū la-ftadaw bihī ʾulāʾika lahum sūʾu l-ḥisābi wa-maʾwāhum jahannamu wa-biʾsa l-mihād^u

Translation

For those who answer [the summons of] their Lord there shall be the best [of rewards]. But those who do not answer Him, even if they possessed all that is on the earth and as much of it besides, they would surely offer it to redeem themselves with it.¹ For such there shall be an adverse reckoning, and their refuge shall be hell, and it is an evil resting place.

• Cf.

&

• .

19

۞ أَفَمَن يَعلَمُ أَنَّما أُنزِلَ إِلَيكَ مِن رَبِّكَ الحَقُّ كَمَن هُوَ أَعمىٰ ۚ إِنَّما يَتَذَكَّرُ أُولُو الأَلبابِ

Transliteration

ʾa-fa-man yaʿlamu ʾannamā ʾunzila ʾilayka min rabbika l-ḥaqqu ka-man huwa ʾaʿmā ʾinnamā yatadhakkaru ʾulū l-ʾalbābⁱ

Translation

Is someone who knows that what has been sent down to you from your Lord is the truth, like someone who is blind? Only those who possess intellect take admonition

20

الَّذينَ يوفونَ بِعَهدِ اللَّهِ وَلا يَنقُضونَ الميثاقَ

Transliteration

^alladhīna yūfūna bi-ʿahdi llāhi wa-lā yanquḍūna l-mīthāq^a

Translation

—those who fulfill Allah’s covenant and do not break the pledge solemnly made,

21

وَالَّذينَ يَصِلونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَن يوصَلَ وَيَخشَونَ رَبَّهُم وَيَخافونَ سوءَ الحِسابِ

Transliteration

wa-lladhīna yaṣilūna mā ʾamara llāhu bihī ʾan yūṣala wa-yakhshawna rabbahum wa-yakhāfūna sūʾa l-ḥisābⁱ

Translation

and those who join what Allah has commanded to be joined, and fear their Lord, and are afraid of an adverse reckoning

22

وَالَّذينَ صَبَرُوا ابتِغاءَ وَجهِ رَبِّهِم وَأَقامُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَنفَقوا مِمّا رَزَقناهُم سِرًّا وَعَلانِيَةً وَيَدرَءونَ بِالحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ أُولٰئِكَ لَهُم عُقبَى الدّارِ

Transliteration

wa-lladhīna ṣabarū btighāʾa wajhi rabbihim wa-ʾaqāmū ṣ-ṣalāta wa-ʾanfaqū mimmā razaqnāhum sirran wa-ʿalāniyatan wa-yadraʾūna bi-l-ḥasanati s-sayyiʾata ʾulāʾika lahum ʿuqbā d-dārⁱ

Translation

—those who are patient for the sake of their Lord’s pleasure, maintain the prayer, and spend out of what We have provided them, secretly and openly, and repel evil [conduct] with good. For such will be the reward of the [ultimate] abode:

23

جَنّاتُ عَدنٍ يَدخُلونَها وَمَن صَلَحَ مِن آبائِهِم وَأَزواجِهِم وَذُرِّيّاتِهِم ۖ وَالمَلائِكَةُ يَدخُلونَ عَلَيهِم مِن كُلِّ بابٍ

Transliteration

jannātu ʿadnin yadkhulūnahā wa-man ṣalaḥa min ʾābāʾihim wa-ʾazwājihim wa-dhurriyyātihim wa-l-malāʾikatu yadkhulūna ʿalayhim min kulli bābⁱⁿ

Translation

the Gardens of Eden, which they will enter along with whoever is righteous from among their forebears, their spouses, and their descendants, and the angels will call on them from every door:

24

سَلامٌ عَلَيكُم بِما صَبَرتُم ۚ فَنِعمَ عُقبَى الدّارِ

Transliteration

salāmun ʿalaykum bi-mā ṣabartum fa-niʿma ʿuqbā d-dārⁱ

Translation

‘Peace be to you, for your patience.’ How excellent is the reward of the [ultimate] abode!

25

وَالَّذينَ يَنقُضونَ عَهدَ اللَّهِ مِن بَعدِ ميثاقِهِ وَيَقطَعونَ ما أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَن يوصَلَ وَيُفسِدونَ فِي الأَرضِ ۙ أُولٰئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعنَةُ وَلَهُم سوءُ الدّارِ

Transliteration

wa-lladhīna yanquḍūna ʿahda llāhi min baʿdi mīthāqihī wa-yaqṭaʿūna mā ʾamara llāhu bihī ʾan yūṣala wa-yufsidūna fī l-ʾarḍi ʾulāʾika lahumu l-laʿnatu wa-lahum sūʾu d-dārⁱ

Translation

But as for those who break Allah’s compact after having pledged it solemnly, and sever what Allah has commanded to be joined, and cause corruption in the earth —it is such on whom the curse will lie, and for them will be the ills of the [ultimate] abode.

26

اللَّهُ يَبسُطُ الرِّزقَ لِمَن يَشاءُ وَيَقدِرُ ۚ وَفَرِحوا بِالحَياةِ الدُّنيا وَمَا الحَياةُ الدُّنيا فِي الآخِرَةِ إِلّا مَتاعٌ

Transliteration

^allāhu yabsuṭu r-rizqa li-man yashāʾu wa-yaqdiru wa-fariḥū bi-l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wa-mā l-ḥayātu d-dunyā fī l-ʾākhirati ʾillā matāʿ^un

Translation

Allah expands the provision for whomever He wishes, and tightens it. They exult in the life of this world, but compared with the Hereafter the life of this world is but a [trifling] enjoyment.

27

وَيَقولُ الَّذينَ كَفَروا لَولا أُنزِلَ عَلَيهِ آيَةٌ مِن رَبِّهِ ۗ قُل إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَن يَشاءُ وَيَهدي إِلَيهِ مَن أَنابَ

Transliteration

wa-yaqūlu lladhīna kafarū law-lā ʾunzila ʿalayhi ʾāyatun min rabbihī qul ʾinna llāha yuḍillu man yashāʾu wa-yahdī ʾilayhi man ʾanāb^a

Translation

The faithless say, ‘Why has not some sign been sent down to him from his Lord?’ Say, ‘Indeed Allah leads astray whomever He wishes, and guides to Himself those who turn penitently [to Him]

28

الَّذينَ آمَنوا وَتَطمَئِنُّ قُلوبُهُم بِذِكرِ اللَّهِ ۗ أَلا بِذِكرِ اللَّهِ تَطمَئِنُّ القُلوبُ

Transliteration

^alladhīna ʾāmanū wa-taṭmaʾinnu qulūbuhum bi-dhikri llāhi ʾa-lā bi-dhikri llāhi taṭmaʾinnu l-qulūb^u

Translation

—those who have faith, and whose hearts find rest in the remembrance of Allah.’ Look! The hearts find rest in Allah’s remembrance!

29

الَّذينَ آمَنوا وَعَمِلُوا الصّالِحاتِ طوبىٰ لَهُم وَحُسنُ مَآبٍ

Transliteration

^alladhīna ʾāmanū wa-ʿamilū ṣ-ṣāliḥāti ṭūbā lahum wa-ḥusnu maʾābⁱⁿ

Translation

Those who have faith and do righteous deeds —happy are they and good is their [ultimate] destination.

30

كَذٰلِكَ أَرسَلناكَ في أُمَّةٍ قَد خَلَت مِن قَبلِها أُمَمٌ لِتَتلُوَ عَلَيهِمُ الَّذي أَوحَينا إِلَيكَ وَهُم يَكفُرونَ بِالرَّحمٰنِ ۚ قُل هُوَ رَبّي لا إِلٰهَ إِلّا هُوَ عَلَيهِ تَوَكَّلتُ وَإِلَيهِ مَتابِ

Transliteration

ka-dhālika ʾarsalnāka fī ʾummatin qad khalat min qablihā ʾumamun li-tatluwa ʿalayhimu lladhī ʾawḥaynā ʾilayka wa-hum yakfurūna bi-r-raḥmāni qul huwa rabbī lā ʾilāha ʾillā huwa ʿalayhi tawakkaltu wa-ʾilayhi matābⁱ

Translation

Thus have We sent you to a nation before which many nations have passed away, that you may recite to them what We have revealed to you. Yet they defy the All-beneficent. Say, ‘He is my Lord; there is no god except Him; in Him I have put my trust, and to Him will be my return.’

31

وَلَو أَنَّ قُرآنًا سُيِّرَت بِهِ الجِبالُ أَو قُطِّعَت بِهِ الأَرضُ أَو كُلِّمَ بِهِ المَوتىٰ ۗ بَل لِلَّهِ الأَمرُ جَميعًا ۗ أَفَلَم يَيأَسِ الَّذينَ آمَنوا أَن لَو يَشاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النّاسَ جَميعًا ۗ وَلا يَزالُ الَّذينَ كَفَروا تُصيبُهُم بِما صَنَعوا قارِعَةٌ أَو تَحُلُّ قَريبًا مِن دارِهِم حَتّىٰ يَأتِيَ وَعدُ اللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُخلِفُ الميعادَ

Transliteration

wa-law ʾanna qurʾānan suyyirat bihi l-jibālu ʾaw quṭṭiʿat bihi l-ʾarḍu ʾaw kullima bihi l-mawtā bal li-llāhi l-ʾamru jamīʿan ʾa-fa-lam yayʾasi lladhīna ʾāmanū ʾan law yashāʾu llāhu la-hadā n-nāsa jamīʿan wa-lā yazālu lladhīna kafarū tuṣībuhum bi-mā ṣanaʿū qāriʿatun ʾaw taḥullu qarīban min dārihim ḥattā yaʾtiya waʿdu llāhi ʾinna llāha lā yukhlifu l-mīʿād^a

Translation

If only it were a Qurʾān¹ whereby the mountains could be moved, or the earth could be toured,² or the dead could be spoken to … .³ Rather all dispensation belongs to Allah. Have not the faithful yet realised that had Allah wished He would have guided mankind all together? The faithless will continue to be visited by catastrophes because of their doings —or they⁴ will land near their habitations— until Allah’s promise comes to pass. Indeed Allah does not break His promise.

• Or ‘Even if it were a Qurʾān.’
• Or ‘the ground could be split,’ i.e., for making springs and wells.
• Ellipsis. The phrase omitted is ‘all unbelievers would have embraced the faith.’ Or ‘still they would not have embraced the faith.’ Cf.

• .
• That is, the disasters.

32

وَلَقَدِ استُهزِئَ بِرُسُلٍ مِن قَبلِكَ فَأَملَيتُ لِلَّذينَ كَفَروا ثُمَّ أَخَذتُهُم ۖ فَكَيفَ كانَ عِقابِ

Transliteration

wa-la-qadi stuhziʾa bi-rusulin min qablika fa-ʾamlaytu li-lladhīna kafarū thumma ʾakhadhtuhum fa-kayfa kāna ʿiqābⁱ

Translation

Apostles were certainly derided before you. But then I gave respite to those who were faithless, then I seized them; so how was My retribution?

33

أَفَمَن هُوَ قائِمٌ عَلىٰ كُلِّ نَفسٍ بِما كَسَبَت ۗ وَجَعَلوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكاءَ قُل سَمّوهُم ۚ أَم تُنَبِّئونَهُ بِما لا يَعلَمُ فِي الأَرضِ أَم بِظاهِرٍ مِنَ القَولِ ۗ بَل زُيِّنَ لِلَّذينَ كَفَروا مَكرُهُم وَصُدّوا عَنِ السَّبيلِ ۗ وَمَن يُضلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِن هادٍ

Transliteration

ʾa-fa-man huwa qāʾimun ʿalā kulli nafsin bi-mā kasabat wa-jaʿalū li-llāhi shurakāʾa qul sammūhum ʾam tunabbiʾūnahū bi-mā lā yaʿlamu fī l-ʾarḍi ʾam bi-ẓāhirin mina l-qawli bal zuyyina li-lladhīna kafarū makruhum wa-ṣuddū ʿani s-sabīli wa-man yuḍlili llāhu fa-mā lahū min hādⁱⁿ

Translation

Is He who sustains every soul¹ in spite of what it earns [comparable to the idols]? And yet they ascribe partners to Allah! Say, ‘Name them!’ Will you inform Him of something He does not know about on the earth, or of [what are] mere words? Rather their scheming is presented as decorous to the faithless, and they have been barred from the [right] way; and whomever Allah leads astray, has no guide.

• Or ‘Is He who maintains every soul in spite of what it earns.’ Or ‘Is He who is vigilant over every soul as to what it earns.’ See

• , where bimā is used in the sense of ‘in spite of.’

34

لَهُم عَذابٌ فِي الحَياةِ الدُّنيا ۖ وَلَعَذابُ الآخِرَةِ أَشَقُّ ۖ وَما لَهُم مِنَ اللَّهِ مِن واقٍ

Transliteration

lahum ʿadhābun fī l-ḥayāti d-dunyā wa-la-ʿadhābu l-ʾākhirati ʾashaqqu wa-mā lahum mina llāhi min wāqⁱⁿ

Translation

There is a punishment for them in the life of this world, and the punishment of the Hereafter will surely be harder, and they have no defender against Allah.

35

۞ مَثَلُ الجَنَّةِ الَّتي وُعِدَ المُتَّقونَ ۖ تَجري مِن تَحتِهَا الأَنهارُ ۖ أُكُلُها دائِمٌ وَظِلُّها ۚ تِلكَ عُقبَى الَّذينَ اتَّقَوا ۖ وَعُقبَى الكافِرينَ النّارُ

Transliteration

mathalu l-jannati llatī wuʿida l-muttaqūna tajrī min taḥtihā l-ʾanhāru ʾukuluhā dāʾimun wa-ẓilluhā tilka ʿuqbā lladhīna ttaqaw wa-ʿuqbā l-kāfirīna n-nār^u

Translation

A description of the paradise promised to the Godwary: streams run in it, its fruits and shade are everlasting. Such is the requital of those who are Godwary; and the requital of the faithless is the Fire.

36

وَالَّذينَ آتَيناهُمُ الكِتابَ يَفرَحونَ بِما أُنزِلَ إِلَيكَ ۖ وَمِنَ الأَحزابِ مَن يُنكِرُ بَعضَهُ ۚ قُل إِنَّما أُمِرتُ أَن أَعبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلا أُشرِكَ بِهِ ۚ إِلَيهِ أَدعو وَإِلَيهِ مَآبِ

Transliteration

wa-lladhīna ʾātaynāhumu l-kitāba yafraḥūna bi-mā ʾunzila ʾilayka wa-mina l-ʾaḥzābi man yunkiru baʿḍahū qul ʾinnamā ʾumirtu ʾan ʾaʿbuda llāha wa-lā ʾushrika bihī ʾilayhi ʾadʿū wa-ʾilayhi maʾābⁱ

Translation

Those whom We have given the Book¹ rejoice in what has been sent down to you. Among the factions² are those who deny a part of it. Say, ‘Indeed I have been commanded to worship Allah and not to ascribe any partner to Him. To Him do I summon [all mankind] and to Him will be my return.’

• That is, the Jews and the Christians, or the faithful who followed the Prophet (ṣ).
• That is, from among those belonging to Jewish and Christian sects, or the Arab polytheists.

37

وَكَذٰلِكَ أَنزَلناهُ حُكمًا عَرَبِيًّا ۚ وَلَئِنِ اتَّبَعتَ أَهواءَهُم بَعدَما جاءَكَ مِنَ العِلمِ ما لَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلا واقٍ

Transliteration

wa-ka-dhālika ʾanzalnāhu ḥukman ʿarabiyyan wa-la-ʾini ttabaʿta ʾahwāʾahum baʿda mā jāʾaka mina l-ʿilmi mā laka mina llāhi min waliyyin wa-lā wāqⁱⁿ

Translation

Thus We have sent it down as a dispensation in Arabic; and should you follow their desires after the knowledge that has come to you, you shall have against Allah neither any guardian nor any defender.¹

• Cf.

, ; , ; ;

• .

38

وَلَقَد أَرسَلنا رُسُلًا مِن قَبلِكَ وَجَعَلنا لَهُم أَزواجًا وَذُرِّيَّةً ۚ وَما كانَ لِرَسولٍ أَن يَأتِيَ بِآيَةٍ إِلّا بِإِذنِ اللَّهِ ۗ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٍ كِتابٌ

Transliteration

wa-la-qad ʾarsalnā rusulan min qablika wa-jaʿalnā lahum ʾazwājan wa-dhurriyyatan wa-mā kāna li-rasūlin ʾan yaʾtiya bi-ʾāyatin ʾillā bi-ʾidhni llāhi li-kulli ʾajalin kitāb^un

Translation

Certainly We have sent apostles before you, and We appointed for them wives and descendants; and an apostle may not bring a sign except by Allah’s leave. There is a written [schedule] for every term:

39

يَمحُو اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَيُثبِتُ ۖ وَعِندَهُ أُمُّ الكِتابِ

Transliteration

yamḥū llāhu mā yashāʾu wa-yuthbitu wa-ʿindahū ʾummu l-kitābⁱ

Translation

Allah effaces and confirms whatever He wishes and with Him is the Mother Book.¹

• Cf.

• .

40

وَإِن ما نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعضَ الَّذي نَعِدُهُم أَو نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِنَّما عَلَيكَ البَلاغُ وَعَلَينَا الحِسابُ

Transliteration

wa-ʾin mā nuriyannaka baʿḍa lladhī naʿiduhum ʾaw natawaffayannaka fa-ʾinnamā ʿalayka l-balāghu wa-ʿalaynā l-ḥisāb^u

Translation

Whether We show you a part of what We promise them,¹ or take you away [before that], your duty is only to communicate, and it is for Us to do the reckoning.

• That is, the punishment.

41

أَوَلَم يَرَوا أَنّا نَأتِي الأَرضَ نَنقُصُها مِن أَطرافِها ۚ وَاللَّهُ يَحكُمُ لا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكمِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ سَريعُ الحِسابِ

Transliteration

ʾa-wa-lam yaraw ʾannā naʾtī l-ʾarḍa nanquṣuhā min ʾaṭrāfihā wa-llāhu yaḥkumu lā muʿaqqiba li-ḥukmihī wa-huwa sarīʿu l-ḥisābⁱ

Translation

Have they not seen how We visit the land diminishing it at its edges? Allah judges, and there is none who may repeal His judgement, and He is swift at reckoning.

42

وَقَد مَكَرَ الَّذينَ مِن قَبلِهِم فَلِلَّهِ المَكرُ جَميعًا ۖ يَعلَمُ ما تَكسِبُ كُلُّ نَفسٍ ۗ وَسَيَعلَمُ الكُفّارُ لِمَن عُقبَى الدّارِ

Transliteration

wa-qad makara lladhīna min qablihim fa-li-llāhi l-makru jamīʿan yaʿlamu mā taksibu kullu nafsin wa-sa-yaʿlamu l-kuffāru li-man ʿuqbā d-dārⁱ

Translation

Those who were before them [also] schemed;¹ yet all devising belongs to Allah. He knows what every soul earns. Soon the faithless will know in whose favour the outcome of that abode will be.

• Ellipsis. The omitted phrase is ‘but their plotting was of no avail to them.’

43

• 
  
• 
  
• 
  

وَيَقولُ الَّذينَ كَفَروا لَستَ مُرسَلًا ۚ قُل كَفىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهيدًا بَيني وَبَينَكُم وَمَن عِندَهُ عِلمُ الكِتابِ

Transliteration

wa-yaqūlu lladhīna kafarū lasta mursalan qul kafā bi-llāhi shahīdan baynī wa-baynakum wa-man ʿindahū ʿilmu l-kitābⁱ

Translation

The faithless say, ‘You have not been sent [by Allah].’ Say, ‘Allah suffices as a witness between me and you, and he who possesses the knowledge of the Book.’