Divorce al-Ṭalāq ( الطلاق )
12 verses • revealed at Medinan
»The surah that issues the lawful procedures by which one may Divorce
and that calls for fair parting between believers if marriage is to
end, in accordance with what is right and within God’s prescribed
limits, while promising ease and deliverance for the truly God-fearing
who undergo this trauma. It takes its name from
ff.
concerning “divorce” (ṭalāq). The surah strongly urges people to observe
God’s regulations and guidance. To reinforce this they are reminded of
the fate of earlier disobedient peoples and the rewards of the obedient.
God’s power and knowledge are emphasized at the end (
).«
بِسمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحمٰنِ الرَّحيمِ
1
يا
أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذا طَلَّقتُمُ النِّساءَ فَطَلِّقوهُنَّ
لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحصُوا العِدَّةَ ۖ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُم ۖ لا
تُخرِجوهُنَّ مِن بُيوتِهِنَّ وَلا يَخرُجنَ إِلّا أَن يَأتينَ بِفاحِشَةٍ
مُبَيِّنَةٍ ۚ وَتِلكَ حُدودُ اللَّهِ ۚ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدودَ اللَّهِ
فَقَد ظَلَمَ نَفسَهُ ۚ لا تَدري لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحدِثُ بَعدَ ذٰلِكَ
أَمرًا
Transliteration
yā-ʾayyuhā
n-nabiyyu ʾidhā ṭallaqtumu n-nisāʾa fa-ṭalliqūhunna li-ʿiddatihinna
wa-ʾaḥṣū l-ʿiddata wa-ttaqū llāha rabbakum lā tukhrijūhunna min
buyūtihinna wa-lā yakhrujna ʾillā ʾan yaʾtīna bi-fāḥishatin mubayyinatin
wa-tilka ḥudūdu llāhi wa-man yataʿadda ḥudūda llāhi fa-qad ẓalama
nafsahū lā tadrī laʿalla llāha yuḥdithu baʿda dhālika ʾamran
Translation
O Prophet! When you1 divorce women, divorce them at [the conclusion of] their term2 and calculate the term, and be wary of Allah, your Lord. Do not turn them out from their houses, nor shall they go out, unless they commit a gross3 indecency.4 These are Allah’s bounds, and whoever transgresses the bounds of Allah certainly wrongs himself. You never know maybe Allah will bring off something new later on.
- That is, Muslim men.
- See
- .
- Or ‘proven,’ according to an alternative reading (mubayyanah, instead of mubayyinah.)
- That is, adultery, lesbianism, theft of revilement of the husband and his family. (See Tafsīr al-Ṣāfī, Ṭabarī).
2
فَإِذا
بَلَغنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمسِكوهُنَّ بِمَعروفٍ أَو فارِقوهُنَّ بِمَعروفٍ
وَأَشهِدوا ذَوَي عَدلٍ مِنكُم وَأَقيمُوا الشَّهادَةَ لِلَّهِ ۚ ذٰلِكُم
يوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كانَ يُؤمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَاليَومِ الآخِرِ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ
اللَّهَ يَجعَل لَهُ مَخرَجًا
Transliteration
fa-ʾidhā
balaghna ʾajalahunna fa-ʾamsikūhunna bi-maʿrūfin ʾaw fāriqūhunna
bi-maʿrūfin wa-ʾashhidū dhaway ʿadlin minkum wa-ʾaqīmū sh-shahādata
li-llāhi dhālikum yūʿaẓu bihī man kāna yuʾminu bi-llāhi wa-l-yawmi
l-ʾākhiri wa-man yattaqi llāha yajʿal lahū makhrajan
Translation
Then, when they have completed their term, either retain them honourably or separate from them honourably, and take the witness of two fair men from among yourselves, and bear witness for the sake of Allah. To [comply with] this is advised whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day. And whoever is wary of Allah, He shall make a way out for him,
3
وَيَرزُقهُ
مِن حَيثُ لا يَحتَسِبُ ۚ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّل عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسبُهُ ۚ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ بالِغُ أَمرِهِ ۚ قَد جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَيءٍ قَدرًا
Transliteration
wa-yarzuqhu
min ḥaythu lā yaḥtasibu wa-man yatawakkal ʿalā llāhi fa-huwa ḥasbuhū
ʾinna llāha bālighu ʾamrihī qad jaʿala llāhu li-kulli shayʾin qadran
Translation
and provide for him from whence he does not reckon. And whoever puts his trust in Allah, He will suffice him. Indeed Allah carries through His command. Certainly Allah has set a measure for everything.
4
وَاللّائي
يَئِسنَ مِنَ المَحيضِ مِن نِسائِكُم إِنِ ارتَبتُم فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ
ثَلاثَةُ أَشهُرٍ وَاللّائي لَم يَحِضنَ ۚ وَأُولاتُ الأَحمالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ
أَن يَضَعنَ حَملَهُنَّ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجعَل لَهُ مِن أَمرِهِ
يُسرًا
Transliteration
wa-llāʾī
yaʾisna mina l-maḥīḍi min nisāʾikum ʾini rtabtum fa-ʿiddatuhunna
thalāthatu ʾashhurin wa-llāʾī lam yaḥiḍna wa-ʾulātu l-ʾaḥmāli
ʾajaluhunna ʾan yaḍaʿna ḥamlahunna wa-man yattaqi llāha yajʿal lahū min
ʾamrihī yusran
Translation
As for those of your wives who do not hope to have menses, should you have any doubts, their term shall be three months, and for those [as well] who have not yet had menses. As for those who are pregnant, their term shall be until they deliver. And whoever is wary of Allah, He shall grant him ease in his affairs.
5
ذٰلِكَ أَمرُ اللَّهِ أَنزَلَهُ إِلَيكُم ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يُكَفِّر عَنهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَيُعظِم لَهُ أَجرًا
Transliteration
dhālika ʾamru llāhi ʾanzalahū ʾilaykum wa-man yattaqi llāha yukaffir ʿanhu sayyiʾātihī wa-yuʿẓim lahū ʾajran
Translation
That is the ordinance of Allah which He has sent down to you, and whoever is wary of Allah, He shall absolve him of his misdeeds and give him a great reward.
6
أَسكِنوهُنَّ
مِن حَيثُ سَكَنتُم مِن وُجدِكُم وَلا تُضارّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقوا
عَلَيهِنَّ ۚ وَإِن كُنَّ أُولاتِ حَملٍ فَأَنفِقوا عَلَيهِنَّ حَتّىٰ
يَضَعنَ حَملَهُنَّ ۚ فَإِن أَرضَعنَ لَكُم فَآتوهُنَّ أُجورَهُنَّ ۖ
وَأتَمِروا بَينَكُم بِمَعروفٍ ۖ وَإِن تَعاسَرتُم فَسَتُرضِعُ لَهُ أُخرىٰ
Transliteration
ʾaskinūhunna
min ḥaythu sakantum min wujdikum wa-lā tuḍārrūhunna li-tuḍayyiqū
ʿalayhinna wa-ʾin kunna ʾulāti ḥamlin fa-ʾanfiqū ʿalayhinna ḥattā
yaḍaʿna ḥamlahunna fa-ʾin ʾarḍaʿna lakum fa-ʾātūhunna ʾujūrahunna
wa-ʾtamirū baynakum bi-maʿrūfin wa-ʾin taʿāsartum fa-sa-turḍiʿu lahū
ʾukhrā
Translation
House them where you live,1 in accordance with your means, and do not harass them to put them in straits, and should they be pregnant, maintain them until they deliver. Then, if they suckle [the baby] for you, give them their wages and consult together honourably; but if you make things difficult for each other, then another woman will suckle [the baby] for him.2
- That is, the divorcée in her waiting period (ʿiddah).
- That is, the father will arrange for a wet nurse to suckle the infant.
7
لِيُنفِق
ذو سَعَةٍ مِن سَعَتِهِ ۖ وَمَن قُدِرَ عَلَيهِ رِزقُهُ فَليُنفِق مِمّا
آتاهُ اللَّهُ ۚ لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفسًا إِلّا ما آتاها ۚ سَيَجعَلُ
اللَّهُ بَعدَ عُسرٍ يُسرًا
Transliteration
li-yunfiq
dhū saʿatin min saʿatihī wa-man qudira ʿalayhi rizquhū fa-l-yunfiq
mimmā ʾātāhu llāhu lā yukallifu llāhu nafsan ʾillā mā ʾātāhā sa-yajʿalu
llāhu baʿda ʿusrin yusran
Translation
Let the affluent man spend out of his affluence, and let he whose provision has been tightened spend out of what Allah has given him. Allah does not task any soul except [according to] what He has given it. Allah will bring about ease after hardship.
8
وَكَأَيِّن مِن قَريَةٍ عَتَت عَن أَمرِ رَبِّها وَرُسُلِهِ فَحاسَبناها حِسابًا شَديدًا وَعَذَّبناها عَذابًا نُكرًا
Transliteration
wa-ka-ʾayyin min qaryatin ʿatat ʿan ʾamri rabbihā wa-rusulihī fa-ḥāsabnāhā ḥisāban shadīdan wa-ʿadhdhabnāhā ʿadhāban nukran
Translation
How many a town defied the command of its Lord and His apostles, then We called it to a severe account and punished it with a dire punishment.
9
فَذاقَت وَبالَ أَمرِها وَكانَ عاقِبَةُ أَمرِها خُسرًا
Transliteration
fa-dhāqat wabāla ʾamrihā wa-kāna ʿāqibatu ʾamrihā khusran
Translation
So it tasted the evil consequences of its conduct, and the outcome of its conduct was ruin.
10
أَعَدَّ
اللَّهُ لَهُم عَذابًا شَديدًا ۖ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يا أُولِي الأَلبابِ
الَّذينَ آمَنوا ۚ قَد أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيكُم ذِكرًا
Transliteration
ʾaʿadda llāhu lahum ʿadhāban shadīdan fa-ttaqū llāha yā-ʾulī l-ʾalbābi lladhīna ʾāmanū qad ʾanzala llāhu ʾilaykum dhikran
Translation
Allah has prepared for them a severe punishment. So be wary of Allah, O you who possess intellect and have faith! Allah has already sent down to you a reminder,
11
رَسولًا
يَتلو عَلَيكُم آياتِ اللَّهِ مُبَيِّناتٍ لِيُخرِجَ الَّذينَ آمَنوا
وَعَمِلُوا الصّالِحاتِ مِنَ الظُّلُماتِ إِلَى النّورِ ۚ وَمَن يُؤمِن
بِاللَّهِ وَيَعمَل صالِحًا يُدخِلهُ جَنّاتٍ تَجري مِن تَحتِهَا الأَنهارُ
خالِدينَ فيها أَبَدًا ۖ قَد أَحسَنَ اللَّهُ لَهُ رِزقًا
Transliteration
rasūlan
yatlū ʿalaykum ʾāyāti llāhi mubayyinātin li-yukhrija lladhīna ʾāmanū
wa-ʿamilū ṣ-ṣāliḥāti mina ẓ-ẓulumāti ʾilā n-nūri wa-man yuʾmin bi-llāhi
wa-yaʿmal ṣāliḥan yudkhilhu jannātin tajrī min taḥtihā l-ʾanhāru
khālidīna fīhā ʾabadan qad ʾaḥsana llāhu lahū rizqan-i
Translation
an apostle reciting to you the manifest signs of Allah that He may bring out those who have faith and do righteous deeds from darkness into light. And whoever has faith in Allah and does righteous deeds, He shall admit him into gardens with streams running in them, to remain in them forever. Allah has certainly granted him an excellent provision.
12
اللَّهُ
الَّذي خَلَقَ سَبعَ سَماواتٍ وَمِنَ الأَرضِ مِثلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ
الأَمرُ بَينَهُنَّ لِتَعلَموا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلىٰ كُلِّ شَيءٍ قَديرٌ
وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَد أَحاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيءٍ عِلمًا
Transliteration
allāhu
lladhī khalaqa sabʿa samāwātin wa-mina l-ʾarḍi mithlahunna yatanazzalu
l-ʾamru baynahunna li-taʿlamū ʾanna llāha ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun
wa-ʾanna llāha qad ʾaḥāṭa bi-kulli shayʾin ʿilman
Translation
It is Allah who has created seven heavens, and of the earth [a number] similar to them. The command gradually descends through them, that you may know that Allah has power over all things, and that Allah comprehends all things in knowledge.
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